At the same time [as men were being imprisoned for homosexuality], women were increasingly caught up in the psychiatric system, and women who desired other women were diagnosed with a form of schizophrenia which was the same thing the authorities would use for political dissidents. So in a way, women who desired other women became sexual dissidents, and they were committed to psychiatric institutions and given all sorts of cures. For instance, electroshock therapy or sometimes even putting them into a diabetic coma with the hope that when they came out they would stop desiring other women.
[…]
So while men were caught up in the law, women were caught up in a psychiatric cure that also served a chilling and terrorising effect on those populations because of course you never knew when that could happen to you, if your relatives would commit you, if the police would use that to blackmail you. And it was used in a very similar way, although it was a very different idea, of men having sex with men as a crime, and that to be punished, and women having sex with women as a form of psychiatric illness that had to be cured.
—Laurie Essig, on Russia’s treatment of same-sex attracted women in the mid-20th century. From Rear Vision, 1 December 2013.